Melaleuca essential oil in the control of the seborrheic dermatitis: a mini-review

Abstract

Introduction: In clinical trichology practice, Melaleuca alternifolia is used in topical formulations to control signs and symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis. This study aims to carry out a narrative review of the literature to support this therapeutic practice. Seborrheic dermatitis or seborrheic eczema is a chronic, non-contagious condition and one of the most common scalp pathologies presenting erythematous-scaly plaques that can also occur in some areas of the face such as eyebrows and corners of the nose. Melaleuca alternifolia is an Australian tree from which melaleuca essential oil, also called “tea tree oil”, is extracted. Essential oils can be used as important active ingredients in products intended for the treatment of human beings.

Material and Methods: Regarding the mentioned species, it was necessary to use databases such as Google Scholar, SciELO, and Scopus. Various combinations of keywords were used: Seborrheic Dermatitis; Seborrheic Eczema; Melaleuca alternifolia; Tea Tree Oil.

Results and Discussions: It can be considered a safe agent that fights bacterial infections, having good skin permeation properties, and can therefore be used in cosmetic formulations to assist in treatments. The symptoms caused by this pathology can be minimized using the phytochemicals found in this essential oil and the main topical therapeutic applications, it can be a powerful ally in the fight against microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria resistant to conventional medicines.